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An Interstellar Butterfly! The "butterfly effect" says the flap of a butterfly's wings may lead to a developing hurricane on the other side of the world. But what happens when a butterfly flaps its wings in the depths of space? This cosmic butterfly is a nebula known as AFGL 4104, or Roberts 22. Caused by a star that is nearing the end of its life and has shrugged off its outer layers, the nebula emerges as a cosmic chrysalis to produce this striking sight. Studies of the lobes of Roberts 22 have shown an amazingly complex structure, with countless intersecting loops and filaments. A butterfly's life span is counted in weeks; although on a much longer timescale, this stage of life for Roberts 22 is also transient. It is currently a pre-planetary nebula, a short-lived phase that begins once a dying star has pushed much of the material in its outer layers into space, and ends once this stellar remnant becomes hot enough to ionize the surrounding gas clouds and make them glow. About 400 years ago, the star at the center of Roberts 22 shed its outer shells, which raced outwards to form this butterfly. The central star will soon be hot enough to ionize the surrounding gas, and it will evolve into a fully-fledged planetary nebula. Credit: NASA, ESA #nasa #space #hst #hubble #astronomy #butterfly #science #nebula #stars; -
Solar flare! The sun emitted a mid-level solar flare, peaking at 6:34 p.m. EDT on March 12, 2014, and NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory, or SDO, captured an image of it. Solar flares are powerful bursts of radiation. Harmful radiation from a flare cannot pass through Earth's atmosphere to physically affect humans on the ground, however -- when intense enough -- they can disturb the atmosphere in the layer where GPS and communications signals travel. SDO captures images of the sun in many wavelengths of light at the same time, each of which is typically colorized in a different color. Each wavelength shows different aspects of the same event, as seen in these two images of the solar flare. Image Credit: NASA/SDO/Goddard Space Flight Center #sun #nasa #science #space #sdo #solar #solarsystem #solarflare #earth; -
Space Communications Antenna Supported Early NASA Missions - This 26 meter (85 foot) antenna operated in Woomera (Island Lagoon), Australia at Deep Space Station (DSS) 41, established in August 1960. The Island Lagoon site was the first deep space station to be established outside the United States and the first Australian antenna NASA built. The station was operated by the Australian Department of Supply and helped support the Ranger and early Mariner missions, as well as communications from the Deep Space Network (DSN) complex in Goldstone, California via a moon bounce. Woomera’s antenna ceased operations in 1972. Today, the Deep Space Network -- consisting of three sites in Goldstone, California; Madrid, Spain; and Canberra, Australia -- supports space communications for NASA and non-NASA missions that explore the furthest points of our solar system. Each complex currently has a 70 meter (230 foot) antenna, one 34 meter (111 foot) High Efficiency (HEF) antenna, and one or more 34 meter Beam Wave Guide (BWG) antenna. The Deep Space Network is operated 24 hours a day, seven days a week, 365 days per year. To support future mission needs, construction is currently underway in Canberra, Australia to add two new 34 meter BWG antennas, Deep Space Station 35 (DSS-35) and DSS-36 by 2018. Image Credit: NASA #tbt #nasa #dsn50 #dsn #spacecomm #tbthurdsday #throwbackthursday; -
Boosters for Orion Spacecraft's First Flight Test Arrive at Port Canaveral, Florida - A barge arrives at the U.S. Army Outpost wharf at Port Canaveral in Florida, carrying two of the three United Launch Alliance Delta IV heavy boosters for NASA’s upcoming Exploration Flight Test-1 (EFT-1) with the Orion spacecraft. The core booster and starboard booster will be offloaded and then transported to the Horizontal Integration Facility, or HIF, at Space Launch Complex 37 on Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. The port booster and the upper stage are planned to be shipped to Cape Canaveral in April. At the HIF, all three boosters will be processed and checked out before being moved to the nearby launch pad and hoisted into position. Orion is the exploration spacecraft designed to carry astronauts to destinations in deep space, including an asteroid and Mars. Image Credit: NASA #nasa #space #orion #eft1 #exploration #spacecraft; -
A new NASA study shows Earth's climate likely will continue to warm during this century on track with previous estimates, despite the recent slowdown in the rate of global warming. This research hinges on a new and more detailed calculation of the sensitivity of Earth's climate to the factors that cause it to change, such as greenhouse gas emissions. Drew Shindell, a climatologist at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York, found Earth is likely to experience roughly 20 percent more warming than estimates that were largely based on surface temperature observations during the past 150 years. Global temperatures have increased at a rate of 0.22 Fahrenheit (0.12 Celsius) per decade since 1951. But since 1998, the rate of warming has been only 0.09 F (0.05 C) per decade -- even as atmospheric carbon dioxide continues to rise at a rate similar to previous decades. Carbon dioxide is the most significant greenhouse gas generated by humans. Some recent research, aimed at fine-tuning long-term warming projections by taking this slowdown into account, suggested Earth may be less sensitive to greenhouse gas increases than previously thought. Pictured here is a model showing temperature anomalies for the year 2099. Image Credit: NASA SVS/NASA Center for Climate Simulation #climatechange #earth #nasa #science #earthscience #simulations #data #datamodel;
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Expedition 38 Flight Engineer Mike Hopkins of NASA gives an OK sign as he is helped from the Soyuz Capsule just minutes after he and Commander Oleg Kotov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), and, Flight Engineer Sergey Ryazanskiy of Roscosmos, landed in their Soyuz TMA-10M spacecraft near the town of Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan on Tuesday, March 11, 2014. Hopkins, Kotov and Ryazanskiy returned to Earth after five and a half months onboard the International Space Station where they served as members of the Expedition 37 and 38 crews. Photo Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls #nasa #space #iss #astroillini #exp38 #soyuz #landing #roscosmos #kazakhstan; -
As seen on #Cosmos: Earth, the Solar System, the Universe & more--all being explored by NASA. Credit: NASA #nasa #space #universe #solarsystem #hubble #hst #earth; -
As seen on #Cosmos: NASA's Hubble Space Telescope sees the oldest known star. Credit: NASA #nasa #hubble #space #science #hst #universe; -
As seen on #Cosmos: Saturn, currently being explored by NASA's Cassini mission. #nasa #saturn #cassini; -
As seen on #Cosmos: the Sun, seen by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory. #nasa #sun #sdo;
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As seen on #Cosmos: the Moon, seen by NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. #nasa #space #moon; -
As seen on #Cosmos tonight: A 'Blue Marble' image of the Earth taken from the VIIRS instrument aboard NASA's most recently launched Earth-observing satellite - Suomi NPP. This composite image uses a number of swaths of the Earth's surface taken on January 4, 2012. Suomi NPP is NASA's next Earth-observing research satellite. It is the first of a new generation of satellites that will observe many facets of our changing Earth. Credit: NASA/NOAA/GSFC/Suomi NPP/VIIRS/Norman Kuring #nasa #earth #earthpix #planetearth #homeplanet; -
Join us as we share our missions & images that appear on the #Cosmos premiere. To tease: the Ring Nebula This planetary nebula's simple, graceful appearance is thought to be due to perspective: our view from Earth looking straight into what is actually a barrel-shaped cloud of gas shrugged off by a dying central star. Hot blue gas near the energizing central star gives way to progressively cooler green and yellow gas at greater distances with the coolest red gas along the outer boundary. Credit: NASA/Hubble Heritage Team #hubble #nasa #space #planetary #nebula #universe; -
False-Color Image of Earth Highlights Plant Growth - This image is a view of South America and portions of North America and Africa from the Mercury Dual Imaging System’s wide-angle camera aboard MESSENGER. The wide-angle camera records light at eleven different wavelengths, including visible and infrared light. Combining blue, red, and green light results in a true-color image from the observations. The image substitutes infrared light for blue light in the three-band combination. The resulting image is crisper than the natural color version because our atmosphere scatters blue light. Infrared light, however, passes through the atmosphere with relatively little scattering and allows a clearer view. That wavelength substitution makes plants appear red. Why? Plants reflect near-infrared light more strongly than either red or green, and in this band combination, near-infrared is assigned to look red. Image Credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington #nasa #plants #earth #space #science; -
NASA Radar Demonstrates Ability to Foresee Sinkholes - New analyses of NASA airborne radar data collected in 2012 reveal the radar detected indications of a huge sinkhole before it collapsed and forced evacuations near Bayou Corne, La. that year. The findings suggest such radar data, if collected routinely from airborne systems or satellites, could at least in some cases foresee sinkholes before they happen, decreasing danger to people and property. Sinkholes are depressions in the ground formed when Earth surface layers collapse into caverns below. They usually form without warning. The data were collected as part of an ongoing NASA campaign to monitor sinking of the ground along the Louisiana Gulf Coast. Their analyses showed the ground surface layer deformed significantly at least a month before the collapse, moving mostly horizontally up to 10.2 inches (260 millimeters) toward where the sinkhole would later form. These precursory surface movements covered a much larger area -- about 1,640 by 1,640 feet, (500 by 500 meters) -- than that of the initial sinkhole, which measured about 2 acres (1 hectare). Aerial photo of a 25-acre sinkhole that formed unexpectedly near Bayou Corne, La., in Aug. 2012. Image Credit: On Wings of Care, New Orleans, La. #sinkhole #nasa #radar #bayou #louisiana;
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