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A new NASA study shows Earth's climate likely will continue to warm during this century on track with previous estimates, despite the recent slowdown in the rate of global warming. This research hinges on a new and more detailed calculation of the sensitivity of Earth's climate to the factors that cause it to change, such as greenhouse gas emissions. Drew Shindell, a climatologist at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York, found Earth is likely to experience roughly 20 percent more warming than estimates that were largely based on surface temperature observations during the past 150 years. Global temperatures have increased at a rate of 0.22 Fahrenheit (0.12 Celsius) per decade since 1951. But since 1998, the rate of warming has been only 0.09 F (0.05 C) per decade -- even as atmospheric carbon dioxide continues to rise at a rate similar to previous decades. Carbon dioxide is the most significant greenhouse gas generated by humans. Some recent research, aimed at fine-tuning long-term warming projections by taking this slowdown into account, suggested Earth may be less sensitive to greenhouse gas increases than previously thought. Pictured here is a model showing temperature anomalies for the year 2099. Image Credit: NASA SVS/NASA Center for Climate Simulation #climatechange #earth #nasa #science #earthscience #simulations #data #datamodel; -
Expedition 38 Flight Engineer Mike Hopkins of NASA gives an OK sign as he is helped from the Soyuz Capsule just minutes after he and Commander Oleg Kotov of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), and, Flight Engineer Sergey Ryazanskiy of Roscosmos, landed in their Soyuz TMA-10M spacecraft near the town of Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan on Tuesday, March 11, 2014. Hopkins, Kotov and Ryazanskiy returned to Earth after five and a half months onboard the International Space Station where they served as members of the Expedition 37 and 38 crews. Photo Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls #nasa #space #iss #astroillini #exp38 #soyuz #landing #roscosmos #kazakhstan; -
As seen on #Cosmos: Earth, the Solar System, the Universe & more--all being explored by NASA. Credit: NASA #nasa #space #universe #solarsystem #hubble #hst #earth; -
As seen on #Cosmos: NASA's Hubble Space Telescope sees the oldest known star. Credit: NASA #nasa #hubble #space #science #hst #universe; -
As seen on #Cosmos: Saturn, currently being explored by NASA's Cassini mission. #nasa #saturn #cassini;
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As seen on #Cosmos: the Sun, seen by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory. #nasa #sun #sdo; -
As seen on #Cosmos: the Moon, seen by NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. #nasa #space #moon; -
As seen on #Cosmos tonight: A 'Blue Marble' image of the Earth taken from the VIIRS instrument aboard NASA's most recently launched Earth-observing satellite - Suomi NPP. This composite image uses a number of swaths of the Earth's surface taken on January 4, 2012. Suomi NPP is NASA's next Earth-observing research satellite. It is the first of a new generation of satellites that will observe many facets of our changing Earth. Credit: NASA/NOAA/GSFC/Suomi NPP/VIIRS/Norman Kuring #nasa #earth #earthpix #planetearth #homeplanet; -
Join us as we share our missions & images that appear on the #Cosmos premiere. To tease: the Ring Nebula This planetary nebula's simple, graceful appearance is thought to be due to perspective: our view from Earth looking straight into what is actually a barrel-shaped cloud of gas shrugged off by a dying central star. Hot blue gas near the energizing central star gives way to progressively cooler green and yellow gas at greater distances with the coolest red gas along the outer boundary. Credit: NASA/Hubble Heritage Team #hubble #nasa #space #planetary #nebula #universe; -
False-Color Image of Earth Highlights Plant Growth - This image is a view of South America and portions of North America and Africa from the Mercury Dual Imaging System’s wide-angle camera aboard MESSENGER. The wide-angle camera records light at eleven different wavelengths, including visible and infrared light. Combining blue, red, and green light results in a true-color image from the observations. The image substitutes infrared light for blue light in the three-band combination. The resulting image is crisper than the natural color version because our atmosphere scatters blue light. Infrared light, however, passes through the atmosphere with relatively little scattering and allows a clearer view. That wavelength substitution makes plants appear red. Why? Plants reflect near-infrared light more strongly than either red or green, and in this band combination, near-infrared is assigned to look red. Image Credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington #nasa #plants #earth #space #science;
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NASA Radar Demonstrates Ability to Foresee Sinkholes - New analyses of NASA airborne radar data collected in 2012 reveal the radar detected indications of a huge sinkhole before it collapsed and forced evacuations near Bayou Corne, La. that year. The findings suggest such radar data, if collected routinely from airborne systems or satellites, could at least in some cases foresee sinkholes before they happen, decreasing danger to people and property. Sinkholes are depressions in the ground formed when Earth surface layers collapse into caverns below. They usually form without warning. The data were collected as part of an ongoing NASA campaign to monitor sinking of the ground along the Louisiana Gulf Coast. Their analyses showed the ground surface layer deformed significantly at least a month before the collapse, moving mostly horizontally up to 10.2 inches (260 millimeters) toward where the sinkhole would later form. These precursory surface movements covered a much larger area -- about 1,640 by 1,640 feet, (500 by 500 meters) -- than that of the initial sinkhole, which measured about 2 acres (1 hectare). Aerial photo of a 25-acre sinkhole that formed unexpectedly near Bayou Corne, La., in Aug. 2012. Image Credit: On Wings of Care, New Orleans, La. #sinkhole #nasa #radar #bayou #louisiana; -
Astronomers say that magnetic storms in the gas orbiting young stars may explain a mystery that has persisted since before 2006. Researchers using NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope to study developing stars have had a hard time figuring out why the stars give off more infrared light than expected. The planet-forming disks that circle the young stars are heated by starlight and glow with infrared light, but Spitzer detected additional infrared light coming from an unknown source. A new theory, based on three-dimensional models of planet-forming disks, suggests the answer: Gas and dust suspended above the disks on gigantic magnetic loops like those seen on the sun absorb the starlight and glow with infrared light. Magnetic loops carry gas and dust above disks of planet-forming material circling stars, as shown in this artist's conception. These loops give off extra heat, which NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope detects as infrared light. The colors in this illustration show what an alien observer with eyes sensitive to both visible light and infrared wavelengths might see. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech #nasa #planet #stars #spitzer #telescope #space #science; -
Martian Sand Dunes in Spring - Mars' northern-most sand dunes are beginning to emerge from their winter cover of seasonal carbon dioxide (dry) ice. Dark, bare south-facing slopes are soaking up the warmth of the sun. The steep lee sides of the dunes are also ice-free along the crest, allowing sand to slide down the dune. Dark splotches are places where ice cracked earlier in spring, releasing sand. Soon the dunes will be completely bare and all signs of spring activity will be gone. This image was acquired by the HiRISE camera aboard NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter on Jan. 16, 2014. Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Univ. of Arizona #mars #nasa #planets #space #science #hirise #dunes #mro; -
Space Station Sensor to Capture 'Striking' Lightning Data - Our researchers developed the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) aboard the TRMM satellite, which detects and locates lightning over the tropical region of the globe. The team that created this hardware in the mid-1990s built a spare, which is scheduled to launch to the International Space Station in February 2016 in order to take advantage of the orbiting laboratory’s high inclination. LIS measures the amount, rate and radiant energy of global lightning, providing storm-scale resolution, millisecond timing, and high, uniform-detection efficiency -- and it does this without land-ocean bias. One of the crew members aboard the International Space Station photographed this night view of storm clouds over Southern California. Early morning lightning can be seen as a white blotch just to the right of center. The yellow colored area, beneath the grey clouds, which almost shines because of night lights, is part of the highly populated area of Los Angeles and San Diego. Image Credit: NASA #iss #storm #losangeles #sandiego #lightning #space #nasa #la #sd; -
Direct Measurement of Distant Black Hole's Spin - Multiple images of a distant quasar are visible in this combined view from NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory and the Hubble Space Telescope. The Chandra data were used to directly measure the spin of the supermassive black hole powering this quasar. Gravitational lensing by an intervening elliptical galaxy has created four different images of the quasar, shown by the Chandra data in pink. Such lensing, first predicted by Einstein, offers a rare opportunity to study regions close to the black hole in distant quasars, by acting as a natural telescope and magnifying the light from these sources. The Hubble data in red, green and blue shows the elliptical galaxy in the middle of the image, along with other galaxies in the field. The quasar is known as RX J1131-1231, located about 6 billion light years from Earth. The authors of the new study found that the X-rays are coming from a region in the disk located only about three times the radius of the event horizon, the point of no return for infalling matter. This implies that the black hole must be spinning extremely rapidly to allow a disk to survive at such a small radius. The discovery that the black hole in RX J1131 is spinning at over half the speed of light suggests that this black hole has grown via mergers, rather than pulling material in from different directions. Image credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/Univ of Michigan/R.C.Reis et al; Optical: NASA/STScI #chandra #hubble #hst #science #nasa #blackhole #quasar;
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