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Lava flow from Hawaii's Kilauea volcano takes out forests in this latest satellite view. The Advanced Land Imager (ALI) on NASA’s Earth-Observing 1 captured these images of Kahauale’a 2 on February 2 and March 11, 2014. The red outlines represent hotspots ALI detected by observing shortwave infrared light. Active flow features known as breakouts are present in many of the hotspots. Rocky lava flows appear black. Clouds are white. The reddish-brown areas along the edges of the lava flow are scorched forests. While Kahauale’a 2 poses no immediate risk to human settlements, it could eventually encroach on communities to the northeast if it continues on its current path. In the past, lava destroyed several communities, including the Royal Gardens subdivision, along the south coast of Hawaii. Credit: NASA/EO-1 ALI data #volcano #earth #earthrightnow #kilauea #nasa #satellite #science #hawaii; -
Avionics system for the Space Launch System, or SLS, boosters gets 'boost' of its own on path to space. The avionics system is responsible for igniting, steering and jettison of the two, five-segment solid rocket boosters for the SLS. The boosters used during the first two launches of SLS will be the world's largest at 154 feet long and 12 feet in diameter. The avionics testing, which will be completed this summer, will prove the system is ready to enter the qualification phase leading to SLS's first flight in 2017. SLS will provide an entirely new capability for human exploration beyond Earth orbit. It also will back up commercial and international partner transportation services to the International Space Station. Designed to be flexible for crew or cargo missions, the SLS will be safe, affordable, and sustainable, to continue America's journey of discovery from the unique vantage point of space. The SLS will take astronauts farther into space than ever before, while engaging the U.S. aerospace workforce here at home. This image is an artist concept of SLS solid rocket boosters firing their separation rockets and pushing away from the core stage, which continues toward space with the Orion spacecraft. Image Credit: NASA/MSFC #nasa #orion #sls #space #avionic #launch #exploration #earth #rocket; -
The NASA Human Exploration Rover Challenge has begun, and you can follow @NASA_Marshall on Instagram for behind the scenes images from the challenge. The Rover Challenge is a new engineering design challenge that will focus on NASA’s current plans to explore planets, moons, asteroids and comets -- all members of the solar system family. The new NASA Rover Challenge (formerly NASA Great Moonbuggy Race) is being held April 10-12, 2014, at the U. S. Space & Rocket Center in Hunstville, Alabama. The challenge will focus on designing, constructing and testing technologies for mobility devices to perform in these different environments, and it will provide valuable experiences that engage students in the technologies and concepts that will be needed in future exploration missions. Rovers will be human-powered and carry two students, one female and one male, over a half-mile obstacle course of simulated extraterrestrial terrain of craters, boulders, ridges, inclines, crevasses and ruts. The top three winning teams in each division (one High School Division and one College/University Division) will be those having the shortest total times in assembling their rovers and traversing the course. Each team is permitted two runs of the course, and the shortest course time (plus penalties) will be added to the assembly time for the final total event time. This image shows "the pit" where the Rover Challenge pit crew weld axels, steering columns and other rover structures before teams head to the race starting line! #rovergram #roverchallenge #nasa #race #raceday#pitcrew #weld; -
Veggie Will Expand Fresh Food Production on Space Station! A plant growth chamber bound for the International Space Station inside the Dragon capsule on the SpaceX-3 resupply mission slated to launch Monday at 4:58 p.m. EDT may help expand in-orbit food production capabilities in more ways than one, and offer astronauts something they don't take for granted, fresh food. Our Veg-01 experiment will be used to study the in-orbit function and performance of a new expandable plant growth facility called Veggie and its plant "pillows." The investigation will focus on the growth and development of "Outredgeous" lettuce seedlings in the spaceflight environment. This image is of Outredgeous red romaine lettuce plants growing inside a prototype Veggie flight pillow. The bellows of the hardware have been lowered to better observe the plants. A small temperature and relative humidity data logger is placed between the pillows small white box, central. Image Credit: NASA/Gioia Massa #iss #veggie #space #science #iss #spacex #dragon #spacestation #plants #nasa; -
Supernova Cleans Up Its Surroundings: Supernovas are the spectacular ends to the lives of many massive stars. These explosions, which occur on average twice a century in the Milky Way, can produce enormous amounts of energy and be as bright as an entire galaxy. These events are also important because the remains of the shattered star are hurled into space. As this debris field – called a supernova remnant – expands, it carries the material it encounters along with it. Astronomers have identified a supernova remnant that has several unusual properties. First, they found that this supernova remnant – known as G352.7-0.1 (or, G352 for short) – has swept up a remarkable amount of material, equivalent to about 45 times the mass of the Sun. Another atypical trait of G352 is that it has a very different shape in radio data compared to that in X-rays. Most of the radio emission is shaped like an ellipse, contrasting with the X-ray emission that fills in the center of the radio ellipse. This is seen in this new composite image of G352 that contains X-rays from NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory in blue and radio data from the National Science Foundation's Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array in pink. These data have also been combined with infrared data from the Spitzer Space Telescope in orange, and optical data from the Digitized Sky Survey in white. (The infrared emission to the upper left and lower right are not directly related to the supernova remnant.) Image credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/Morehead State Univ/T.Pannuti et al.; Optical: DSS; Infrared: NASA/JPL-Caltech; Radio: NRAO/VLA/Argentinian Institute of Radioastronomy/G.Dubner #nasa #space #chandra #supernova #universe;
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Moon or Planet? The 'Exomoon Hunt' Continues - Researchers have detected the first "exomoon" candidate -- a moon orbiting a planet that lies outside our solar system. Using a technique called "microlensing," they observed what could be either a moon and a planet -- or a planet and a star. This artist's conception depicts the planet/moon pairing. If the moon scenario is true, the moon would weigh less than Earth, and the planet would be more massive than Jupiter. The scientists can't confirm the results partly because microlensing events happen once, due to chance encounters. The events occur when a star or planet happens to pass in front of a more distant star, causing the distant star to brighten. If the passing object has a companion -- either a planet or moon -- it will alter the brightening effect. Once the event is over, it is possible to study the passing object on its own. But the results would still not be able to distinguish between a planet/moon duo and a faint star/planet. Both pairings would be too dim to be seen. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech #nasa #exomoon #planets #space #star #exploration #science; -
New Progress cargo spacecraft launched and docked to the International Space Station! A Russian space freighter filled with trash departed the International Space Station on time Monday and will orbit Earth 11 days for engineering tests before finally deorbiting over the Pacific Ocean for a fiery disposal. A new space delivery launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on Wednesday and docked to the station's Pirs docking compartment at 5:14 p.m. EDT Thursday. It was traveling about 260 statute miles directly over the west coast of Peru. The craft is delivering almost 3 tons of food, fuel and supplies, including 1,764 pounds of propellant, 105 pounds of oxygen and air, 926 pounds of water and 3,126 pounds of supplies for the Expedition 39 crew. Progress 55 is scheduled to remain docked to Pirs until July. This image is of a Progress resupply craft approaches the space station on Feb. 11, 2013. Credit: NASA #nasa #roscosmos #progress #spacecraft #space #iss; -
The last piece of the James Webb Space Telescope's heart was installed inside the world's largest clean room at Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. What looked like a massive black frame covered with wires and aluminum foil, the heart or Integrated Science Instrument Module (ISIM) now contains all four of Webb's science instruments. Together, these instruments will help unlock the history of our universe, from the first luminous glows after the Big Bang, to the formation of stellar systems capable of supporting life on planets like Earth, to the evolution of our own solar system. Image Credit: NASA #jwst #nasa #space #telescope #bigbang #webb #science; -
Looking Back: The Mercury 7 - On this day in 1959, we introduced our first astronaut class, the Mercury 7. Front row, left to right: Walter M. Schirra, Jr., Donald K. "Deke" Slayton, John H. Glenn, Jr., and M. Scott Carpenter; back row, Alan B. Shepard, Jr., Virgil I. "Gus" Grissom, and L. Gordon Cooper, Jr. Image Credit: NASA #onthisday #history #nasa #mercury7 #astronauts; -
What's the bright spot of light seen in this image from our Curiosity Mars Rover? The sun is in the same direction, west-northwest, above the frame. Bright spots appear in images from the rover nearly every week. One possible explanation for the bright spot in this image is a glint from a rock surface reflecting the sun. Another is a cosmic ray hitting the camera's light detector, a CCD (charge-coupled device). Cosmic ray patterns in Mars rover images vary from a dot to a long line depending on the angle at which the ray strikes the detector. The right-eye camera of the stereo Navcam recorded this frame during the afternoon of the 589th Martian day, or sol, of Curiosity's work on Mars (April 3, 2014), from the site where the rover reached a waypoint called "the Kimberley" by that sol's drive. An image taken by the Navcam's left-eye camera within one second of the same does not include a bright spot of this type. A pair of Navcam images in the same direction from the previous afternoon has a bright spot similarly located in the right-eye image but not in the left-eye image. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech #mars #martian #planets #nasa #curiosityrover #msl #sun #science #rover;
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Beautiful views seen during IceBridge flight! This image of the frozen fjord downstream of Violingletscher (Violin Glacier) in Østgrønland (East Greenland) was seen during an Operation IceBridge survey flight on April 5, 2014. Operation IceBridge images Earth's polar ice in unprecedented detail to better understand processes that connect the polar regions with the global climate system. IceBridge utilizes a highly specialized fleet of research aircraft and the most sophisticated suite of innovative science instruments ever assembled to characterize annual changes in thickness of sea ice, glaciers, and ice sheets. In addition, IceBridge collects critical data used to predict the response of Earth’s polar ice to climate change and resulting sea-level rise. IceBridge also helps bridge the gap in polar observations between NASA's ICESat satellite missions. Image Credit: NASA/Michael Studinger #nasa #icebridge #earth #earthrightnow #climatechange #climate #greenland #ice #science; -
Meltwater channels from the previous summer and terminus of Violingletscher (Violin Glacier) in Østgrønland (East Greenland) are seen in this image during an Operation IceBridge survey flight on April 5, 2014. NASA’s Operation IceBridge images Earth's polar ice in unprecedented detail to better understand processes that connect the polar regions with the global climate system. IceBridge utilizes a highly specialized fleet of research aircraft and the most sophisticated suite of innovative science instruments ever assembled to characterize annual changes in thickness of sea ice, glaciers, and ice sheets. In addition, IceBridge collects critical data used to predict the response of earth’s polar ice to climate change and resulting sea-level rise. IceBridge also helps bridge the gap in polar observations between NASA's ICESat satellite missions. Credit: NASA / Michael Studinger #icebridge #nasa #ice #snow #greenland #earth #moon #operationicebridge #nasaice; -
Mars Odyssey holds the longevity record for a spacecraft orbiting another planet - 13 years! Seen here is an artist concept of the spacecraft orbiting Mars. 2001 Mars Odyssey is part of NASA's Mars Exploration Program, a long-term effort of robotic exploration of the red planet. The opportunity to go to Mars comes around every 26 months, when the alignment of Earth and Mars in their orbits around the sun allows spacecraft to travel between the two planets with the least amount of energy. 2001 Mars Odyssey launched on April 7, 2001, and arrived at Mars on October 23, 2001 10:30pm EDT. Odyssey's primary science mission took place February 2002 through August 2004, and the orbiter began its extended missions on August 24, 2004. For the first time, the mission globally mapped the amount and distribution of many chemical elements and minerals that make up the martian surface. Maps of hydrogen distribution led scientists to discover vast amounts of water ice in the polar regions buried just beneath the surface. Odyssey also recorded the radiation environment in low Mars orbit to determine the radiation-related risk to any future human explorers who may one day go to Mars. All of these objectives support the four science goals of the Mars Exploration Program. Image credit: NASA/JPL #nasa #mars #odyssey #planets #solarsystem #spacecraft #satellite; -
As seen on #Cosmos: Studying Light Light waves across the electromagnetic spectrum behave in similar ways. When a light wave encounters an object, they are either transmitted, reflected, absorbed, refracted, polarized, diffracted, or scattered depending on the composition of the object and the wavelength of the light. Specialized instruments onboard NASA spacecraft and airplanes collect data on how electromagnetic waves behave when they interact with matter. These data can reveal the physical and chemical composition of matter. Seen here is a sample of telescopes (operating as of February 2013) operating at wavelengths across the electromagnetic spectrum. Several of these observatories observe more than one band of the EM spectrum, and those are placed within the band of their primary instrument(s). The represented observatories are: HESS, Fermi and Swift for gamma-ray, NuSTAR and Chandra for X-ray, GALEX for ultraviolet, Kepler, Hubble, Keck (I and II), SALT, and Gemini (South) for visible, Spitzer, Herschel, and Sofia for infrared, Planck and CARMA for microwave, Spektr-R, Greenbank, and VLA for radio. Image credit: NASA #nasa #light #emspectrum #space #univserse; -
As seen on #Cosmos: Infrared Light Infrared waves have longer wavelengths than visible light and can pass through dense regions of gas and dust in space with less scattering and absorption. Thus, infrared energy can also reveal objects in the universe that cannot be seen in visible light using optical telescopes. These two images of a huge pillar of star birth demonstrate how observations taken in visible and in infrared light by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope reveal dramatically different and complementary views of an object. The pictures demonstrate one example of the broad wavelength range of the new Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) aboard the Hubble telescope, extending from ultraviolet to visible to infrared light. The top image, taken in visible light, shows the top of the 3-light-year-long pillar, bathed in the glow of light from hot, massive stars off the top of the image. Scorching radiation and fast winds (streams of charged particles) from these stars are sculpting the pillar and causing new stars to form within it. Streamers of gas and dust can be seen flowing off the top of the structure. In the image at bottom, taken in infrared light, the dense column and the surrounding greenish-colored gas all but disappear. Only a faint outline of the pillar remains. By penetrating the wall of gas and dust, the infrared vision of WFC3 reveals the infant star that is probably blasting the jet. Part of the jet nearest the star is more prominent in this view. These features can be seen because infrared light, unlike visible light, can pass through the dust. Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3 observed the Carina Nebula July 24 through July 30, 2009. Credit: NASA, ESA, and the Hubble SM4 ERO Team #hubble #nasa #space #universe #irlight #infrared;
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