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Shocking Behavior of a Speedy Star - Roguish runaway stars can have a big impact on their surroundings as they plunge through the Milky Way galaxy. Their high-speed encounters shock the galaxy, creating arcs, as seen in this newly released image from NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope. In this case, the speedster star is known as Kappa Cassiopeiae, or HD 2905 to astronomers. It is a massive, hot supergiant moving at around 2.5 million mph relative to its neighbors (1,100 kilometers per second). But what really makes the star stand out in this image is the surrounding, streaky red glow of material in its path. Such structures are called bow shocks, and they can often be seen in front of the fastest, most massive stars in the galaxy. Bow shocks form where the magnetic fields and wind of particles flowing off a star collide with the diffuse, and usually invisible, gas and dust that fill the space between stars. Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech #space #nasa #science #astronomy #spitzer #star #galaxy #gas; -
Getting ready to observe rain and snow! The Global Precipitation Measurement Core (GPM) Observatory is scheduled to launch on Feb. 27 from Tanegashima Space Center, Japan. Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) is a joint mission between NASA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). GPM is the first coordinated international satellite network to provide near real-time observations of rain and snow every three hours anywhere on the globe. On Feb. 11, the Core Observatory was moved into the spacecraft fairing assembly building and into the Encapsulation Hall. Final inspections and preparations were completed for the installation into the fairing, which began on Feb 13. The fairing is the part of the rocket that will contain the spacecraft at the top of the H-IIA rocket. Credit: Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency #nasa #space #jaxa #gpm #earth #earthnow #science #climate #Tanegashima #spacecraft #satellite; -
Happy anniversary Friendship 7! Astronaut John H. Glenn Jr., pilot of the Mercury Atlas 6 (MA-6) spaceflight, poses for a photo with the Mercury "Friendship 7" spacecraft during preflight activities. On Feb. 20, 1962, Glenn piloted the Mercury-Atlas 6 "Friendship 7" spacecraft on the first manned orbital mission of the United States. Launched from Kennedy Space Center, Fla., he completed a successful three-orbit mission around the earth, reaching a maximum altitude (apogee) of approximately 162 statute miles and an orbital velocity of approximately 17,500 miles per hour. Glenn's "Friendship 7" Mercury spacecraft landed approximately 800 miles southeast of KSC in the vicinity of Grand Turk Island. Mission duration from launch to impact was 4 hours, 55 minutes, and 23 seconds. Image Credit: NASA #nasa #kennedy #glenn #space #friendship7 #ksc #mercury #launch #space #anniversary; -
Astronaut Rick Mastracchio on the International Space Station (ISS) tweeted this image of one of the frozen Great Lakes in North America saying "It is tough up here to ID anything with so much snow, ice and clouds." From the unique vantage point of space, astronauts have taken photographs of the Earth since the Mercury missions in the early 1960s.Today, the ISS continues the NASA tradition of Earth observation from human-tended spacecraft. Operational since November 2000, the ISS is well suited for documenting Earth features and provides an excellent stage for observing most populated areas of the world. Images coming down from the International Space Station are processed on a daily basis and include over 1.2 million images through Nov. 1, 2013. Image credit: NASA #nasa #iss #space #exp38 #astrorm #greatlakes #frozen #snow #clouds #earthpics #earth #winter #ice; -
Eyes above Mars sees a tiny little rover- The High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter caught this view of NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity on Feb. 14, 2014. The red arrow points to Opportunity at the center of the image. Blue arrows point to tracks left by the rover since it entered the area seen here, in October 2013. The scene covers a patch of ground about one-quarter mile (about 400 meters) wide. North is toward the top. The location is the "Murray Ridge" section of the western rim of Endeavour Crater. Murray Ridge is part of the western rim of Endeavour Crater, an impact scar that is billions of years old and about 14 miles (22 kilometers) in diameter. Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Univ. of Arizona #mars #science #nasa #space #hirise #mro #opportunity #crater;
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One of the biggest mysteries in astronomy, how stars blow up in supernova explosions, is unraveling thanks to new data from NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array, or NuSTAR. In this image of Cassiopeia A, NuSTAR data, which show high-energy X-rays from radioactive material, are colored blue. Lower-energy X-rays from non-radioactive material are shown in red, yellow and green. Cassiopeia A is the remains of a star that blew up in a supernova event whose light reached Earth about 350 years ago, when it could have appeared to observers as a star that suddenly brightened. The remnant is located 11,000 light-years away from Earth. When massive star explode, they create many elements: non-radioactive ones like iron and calcium found in your blood and bones; and radioactive elements like titanium-44, the decay of which sends out high-energy X-ray light that NuSTAR can see. By mapping titanium-44 in Cassiopeia A, astronomers get a direct look at what happened in the core of the star when it was blasted to smithereens. The fact that the titanium -- which is a direct tracer of the supernova blast -- is concentrated in clumps at the core supports a theory referred to as "mild asymmetries." In this scenario, material sloshes about at the heart of the supernova, reinvigorating a shock wave and allowing it to blow out the star's outer layers. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/CXC/SAO #nasa #star #supernova #nustar #space #science #titanium #cassiopeia; -
Martian Dunes Flying in Formation - Migratory birds and military aircraft often fly in a V-shaped formation. The “V” formation greatly boosts the efficiency and range of flying birds, because all except the first fly in the upward motion of air -- called upwash -- from the wingtip vortices of the bird ahead. In this image of a dune field on Mars in a large crater near Mawrth Vallis, some of the dunes appear to be in a V-shaped formation. For dune fields, the spacing of individual dunes is a function of sand supply, wind speed, and topography. This image was acquired by the HiRISE camera aboard NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter on Dec. 30, 2013. Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Univ. of Arizona #mars #nasa #space #planets #mro #hirise #solarsystem #science #geology; -
Coronal Loops in an Active Region of the Sun! An active region of the sun just rotating into the view of NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory gives a profile view of coronal loops over about a two-day period, from Feb. 8-10, 2014. Coronal loops are found around sunspots and in active regions. These structures are associated with the closed magnetic field lines that connect magnetic regions on the solar surface. Many coronal loops last for days or weeks, but most change quite rapidly. This image was taken in extreme ultraviolet light. Image Credit: NASA/Solar Dynamics Observatory #sdo #sun #solar #solarsystem #nasa #science #coronal; -
No, it's not our moon. It's Saturn's moon Dione. And although the crack-like features seen here on Dione's surface appear wispy and faded, they are in reality a series of geologically fresh fractures! Lit terrain seen here is on the trailing hemisphere of Dione. North on Dione (698 miles, or 1,123 kilometers across) is up and rotated 29 degrees to the left. The image was taken in visible light with the Cassini spacecraft narrow-angle camera on Sept. 10, 2013. The view was acquired at a distance of approximately 554,000 miles (892,000 kilometers) from Dione. Image scale is three miles (five kilometers) per pixel. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute #nasa #saturn #dione #moon #space #science #geology #planets #solarsystem; -
NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory has seen a fast-moving pulsar escaping from a supernova remnant while spewing out a record-breaking jet – the longest of any object in the Milky Way galaxy -- of high-energy particles. The pulsar, a type of neutron star, is known as IGR J11014-6103. IGR J11014-6103's peculiar behavior can likely be traced back to its birth in the collapse and subsequent explosion of a massive star. Originally discovered with the European Space Agency satellite INTEGRAL, the pulsar is located about 60 light-years away from the center of the supernova remnant SNR MSH 11-61A in the constellation of Carina. Its implied speed is between 2.5 million and 5 million mph, making it one of the fastest pulsars ever observed. The X-ray jet in IGR J11014-6103 is the longest known in the Milky Way galaxy. In addition to its impressive span, it has a distinct corkscrew pattern that suggests the pulsar is wobbling like a spinning top. This composite image shows the extraordinary jet trailing behind a runaway pulsar. It contains data from Chandra (purple), radio data from the ACTA (green), and optical data from the 2MASS survey (red, green, and blue). The pulsar and its tail are found in the lower right of this image. Image Credit: NASA/CXC/ISDC #nasa #space #chandra #xray #milkyway #galaxy;
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The Big Chill - Blistering cold air from the Arctic plunged southward this winter, breaking U.S. temperature records. A persistent pattern of winds spins high above the Arctic in winter. The winds, known as the polar vortex, typically blow in a fairly tight circular formation. But in late December 2013 and early January 2014, the winds loosened and frigid Arctic air spilled farther south than usual, deep into the continental United States. On Jan. 6, 2014, alone, approximately 50 daily record low temperatures were set, from Colorado to Alabama to New York, according to the National Weather Service. In some places temperatures were 40 degrees Fahrenheit colder than average. IMAGE CREDIT: NASA #weather #nasa #temperature #climate #polarvortex #arctic #winter #cold #earth #science; -
Aboard the International Space Station, Japanese astronaut Koichi Wakata tweeted this image from @Astro_Wakata. His post read, "Flying over US east coast.” The six-member Expedition 38 crew wrapped up last week with more biomedical work. The international space residents also continued ongoing microgravity research, inventoried gear from a new space freighter and trained for the upcoming Cygnus release. Flight Engineers Mike Hopkins and Wakata are also getting ready for Tuesday’s farewell to Orbital Sciences’ Cygnus commercial cargo craft berthed to the Harmony node. The pair teamed up again to train for the robotics work necessary for Cygnus’ grapple then release with the Canadarm2. Cygnus is planned to be released Tuesday at 6:40 a.m. EST. Hopkins and Wakata will be in the cupola grappling then releasing the Cygnus with the Canadarm2. Watch the activities on NASA TV beginning at 6 a.m. EST Tuesday. CREDIT: NASA #nasa #space #iss #spacestation #jaxa #science #orbital #orb1 #cygnus; -
This globular cluster is a densely packed ball of stars bound together by gravity. It lies just over 75,000 light-years away from us on the other side of our galaxy, the Milky Way. It is a peculiar cluster, quite unlike others we observe, making it an intriguing object of study for astronomers. Evidence shows that Terzan 7 used to belong to a small galaxy called the Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy, a mini-galaxy discovered in 1994. This galaxy is currently colliding with, and being absorbed by, the Milky Way, which is a monster in size when compared to this tiny one. It seems that this cluster has already been kidnapped from its former home and now is part of our own galaxy.All the stars in Terzan 7 were born at around the same time, and are about eight billion years old. This is unusually young for such a cluster. The shared birthday is another uncommon property; a large number of globular clusters, both in the Milky Way and in other galaxies, seem to have at least two clearly differentiated generations of stars that were born at different times. Credit: NASA, ESA, and A. Sarajedini (University of Florida) #nasa #hubble #hst #galaxy #milkyway #space #science; -
It looked like someone had installed the wings on backwards, and it was so unstable in flight that no pilot could fly it without the help of a computer, but the X-29A was a marvel in its day and provided research information useful for many aircraft designs still to come. A pair of the Grumman-built X-29A experimental aircraft flew 436 times between December 1984 and August 1992, with all but 14 of those trips into the air serving as research flights – a record for X-planes at that time. One of the strangest looking airplanes ever flown in modern times, its extraordinary story is told in "Sweeping Forward: Developing and Flight Testing the Grumman X-29A Forward Swept Wing Research Aircraft," a publication in NASA's aeronautics book series. The 328-page book was written by Frederick Johnsen, a former NASA public affairs director of the Dryden Flight Research Center at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif., and recently retired director of the Air Force Flight Test Center Museum. Download your copy of this and other e-Books at http://www.nasa.gov/ebooks Image credit: NASA #nasaaero #areonautics #flying #planes #x29a #xplanes #aircraft #flight; -
One year ago, on Feb. 15, 2013, the world was witness to the dangers presented by near-Earth Objects (NEOs) when a relatively small asteroid entered Earth's atmosphere, exploding over Chelyabinsk, Russia, and releasing more energy than a large atomic bomb. Tracking near-Earth asteroids has been a significant endeavor for NASA and the broader astronomical community, which has discovered 10,713 known near-Earth objects to date. NASA is now pursuing new partnerships and collaborations in an Asteroid Grand Challenge to accelerate NASA’s existing planetary defense work, which will help find all asteroid threats to human population and know what to do about them. In parallel, NASA is developing an Asteroid Redirect Mission (ARM) -- a first-ever mission to identify, capture and redirect an asteroid to a safe orbit of Earth's moon for future exploration by astronauts in the 2020s. This concept image shows an astronaut preparing to take samples from the captured asteroid after it has been relocated to a stable orbit in the Earth-moon system. Hundreds of rings are affixed to the asteroid capture bag, helping the astronaut carefully navigate the surface. Image credit: NASA #RussianMeteor #Meteor #Asteroid #Asteroids #Meteors #nasa #space #astronauts;
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