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#AGU13 - Record drought plagues farmers in the Coquimbo region of Chile. Research by Joshua Kelly of NASA's Langley Research Center in Hampton, Va., and his colleagues show how satellite observations could help ease the strain on already limited water resources in the arid region. Two instruments on NASA's Terra satellite provide a better view of how much water farmers and resource managers can expect as snow melts off the surrounding Andes Mountains and flows down the region’s rivers. Kelly explained the potential in an informal talk this week at the fall meeting of the American Geophysical Union (AGU) in San Francisco. With improved forecasts of water availability, water managers could make decisions to lessen the effects of the drought, which otherwise could devastate the region’s agriculture and economy. The annual fall meeting of the AGU is a chance for more than 22,000 scientists, educators, and students to present their research, broaden their knowledge base and embrace the excitement of science. In these 15-second videos, scientists talk about the NASA science projects they are presented at the conference that you may not have seen. #nasa #space #earth #agu #video #science #snow #weather #climate #satellite #nasaterra; -
#AGU13 video - The Antarctic Peninsula is one of the fastest warming parts of the planet. There, ice shelves jut out from glaciers and into the sea, but the situation can change rapidly. In 1995 and 2002, for example, giant sections of the Larsen Ice Shelf disintegrated. When these remnants of glaciers and ice sheets float off and begin to melt, it can have implications for sea level rise. So Ted Scambos, lead scientist at the National Snow and Ice Data Center in Boulder, Colo., and other scientists keep close watch on the region, using ground-based instruments and satellites. This week at the fall meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco, Scambos presented a new look at the changes that occur before an ice shelf breaks apart. The research provides insight on the earliest instigators of ice shelf change. The annual fall meeting of the AGU is a chance for more than 22,000 scientists, educators, and students to present their research, broaden their knowledge base and embrace the excitement of science. In these 15-second videos, scientists talk about the NASA science projects they are presented at the conference that you may not have seen. #nasa #space #earth #agu #video #science #ice #weather @climate #antarctic; -
CATS in space? That will soon be the case – but no need for concern about allergic astronauts or litter boxes in zero gravity. This summer, the Cloud-Aerosol Transport System (CATS) instrument is slated to be among the first NASA instruments to use the International Space Station as a platform to send back Earth observations in near real time, all of the time. Once in space, CATS will use a laser to obtain information about the climate impacts of clouds and aerosols on a global scale. Matthew McGill, of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., is principal investigator of CATS and spoke about the instrument this week at the fall meeting of the American Geophysical Union (AGU) in San Francisco. The annual fall meeting of the AGU is a chance for more than 22,000 scientists, educators, and students to present their research, broaden their knowledge base and embrace the excitement of science. In these 15-second videos, scientists talk about the NASA science projects they are presented at the conference that you may not have seen. #nasa #space #earth #agu #agu13 #video #science; -
Astronaut Rick Mastracchio (@AstroRM) tweeted this image on Dec. 12 from the #ISS and wrote, “Volcano in Central America. The white lines that look like clouds are airplane contrails.” Rick is taking photos from the orbiting outpost some 240 miles up circling the Earth every 90 minutes. The International Space Station (ISS) continues the NASA tradition of Earth observation from human-tended spacecraft. Operational since November 2000, the ISS is well suited for documenting Earth features and provides an excellent stage for observing most populated areas of the world. Images coming down from the International Space Station are processed on a daily basis and include over 1.2 million images through Nov. 1, 2013. Image credit: NASA #nasa #space #iss #astronauts #astropix #spacestation #earth #australia #terrain; -
Lakes on Titan! This colorized mosaic from NASA's Cassini mission shows the most complete view yet of Titan's northern land of lakes and seas. Saturn's moon Titan is the only world in our solar system other than Earth that has stable liquid on its surface. The liquid in Titan's lakes and seas is mostly methane and ethane. The data were obtained by Cassini's radar instrument from 2004 to 2013. In this projection, the north pole is at the center. The view extends down to 50 degrees north latitude. In this color scheme, liquids appear blue and black depending on the way the radar bounced off the surface. Land areas appear yellow to white. A haze was added to simulate the Titan atmosphere. The area above and to the left of the north pole is dotted with smaller lakes. Lakes in this area are about 30 miles (50 kilometers) across or less. For more information about the Cassini-Huygens mission visit http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov and http://www.nasa.gov/cassini. Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASI/USGS #nasa #space #moons #saturn #titan #science #discovery #mosaic #lakes #seas #planets #solarsystem;
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Water Vapor Venting off Jovian Moon - NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has observed water vapor above the frigid south polar region of Jupiter's moon Europa, providing the first strong evidence of water plumes erupting off the moon's surface. Previous scientific findings from other sources already point to the existence of an ocean located under Europa's icy crust. Researchers are not yet certain whether the detected water vapor is generated by water plumes erupting on the surface, but they are confident this is the most likely explanation. Should further observations support the finding, it would make Europa the second moon in the solar system known to have water vapor plumes. The findings were published in the Thursday, Dec. 12, online issue of Science Express, and reported at the meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco. This is an artist's concept of a plume of water vapor thought to be ejected off the frigid, icy surface of the Jovian moon Europa, located about 500 million miles (800 million kilometers) from the sun. Image Credit: NASA/ESA/K. Retherford/SWRI For more information, visit: http://go.nasa.gov/1d9E9L4 #nasa #space #europa #jovian #jupiter #moon #hubble #hst #agu13 #water #ice #icycrust #solarsystem #planets; -
NASA's Orion Spacecraft Heads Cross Country - A test version of NASA’s Orion spacecraft gears up to take a long road trip. Starting from NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Va., the mockup will take a four-week journey across the nation to Naval Base San Diego in California. There, the test article will be used to support NASA’s Underway Recovery Test in February 2014. The test will simulate the recovery of Orion during its first mission, Exploration Flight Test – 1 (EFT-1), scheduled for September 2014. The uncrewed EFT-1 mission will take Orion to an altitude of approximately 3,600 miles above the Earth’s surface, reentering the atmosphere at a speed of over 20,000 miles per hour before landing in the Pacific Ocean. The Orion mockup will travel through Virginia, Tennessee, Arkansas, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and then reach its final destination in California. If spotted, share your pictures using the hashtag #SpotOrion Image Credit: NASA/David C. Bowman #nasa #space #iss #orion #astronauts #earth #recoverytest; -
Clay Prints on Europa - This image, using data from NASA's Galileo mission, shows the first detection of clay-like minerals on the surface of Jupiter's moon Europa. The clay-like minerals appear in blue in the false-color patch of data from Galileo's Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer. Surfaces richer in water ice appear in red. The background image is a mosaic of images from Galileo's Solid State Imaging system in the colors that human eyes would see. Scientists think an asteroid or comet impact could have delivered the clay-type minerals to Europa because these minerals are commonly found in these primitive celestial bodies. These kinds of asteroids and comets also typically carry organic compounds. Many scientists believe Europa is the best location in our solar system to find existing life. It has a subsurface ocean in contact with rock, an icy surface that mixes with the ocean below, salts on the surface that create an energy gradient, and a source of heat (the flexing that occurs as it gets stretched and squeezed by Jupiter's gravity). Those conditions were likely in place shortly after Europa first coalesced in our solar system. For more information on Europa, visit: http://go.nasa.gov/18Dun4C Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/SETI #nasa #space #planets #europa #galileo #water #mapping #minerals #solarsystem #rock #salt # icy #jupiter #science #ice #clay #asteroid #comet; -
Cloud Towers - In a view from high altitude, height can be a difficult thing to gauge. The highest of clouds can appear to sit on a flat plane, as if they were at the same elevation as the ocean or land surface. In this image, however, texture, shape and shadows lend definition to mushrooming thunderheads over the Indonesian island of Flores. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Aqua satellite acquired this image on the afternoon of Dec. 2, 2013. During the day, sunlight heats the land more quickly than it heats the ocean. The warm air over land rises, creating an area of low pressure that pulls in cool air from the ocean. The result is a sea breeze. On this Indonesia island, the sea breeze from the Flores Sea on the north blows inland and clashes with the sea breeze blowing inland from the Savu Sea in the south. When the two breezes meet in the center of Flores, they push the air up. The rising air cools and condenses into a line of clouds. Sea breeze convection is not the only force at work here. On Flores, cloud formation has help from the shape of the land. A line of tall volcanoes runs down the spine of the island, and their steep slopes also force air to rise. So, moist ocean air blows inland, hits the mountains and volcanoes and rises with the slope. Above the mountains, the rising air meets the rising sea breeze from the other side, and the upward motion is reinforced. Image Credit: NASA/Jeff Schmaltz, LANCE/EOSDIS MODIS Rapid Response Team, NASA GSFC #nasa #space #earth #clouds #wind # breeze # modis #floressea #savusea #indonesia; -
Looking down on London & Paris at night. Astronaut Rick Mastracchio (@AstroRM) on Twitter posted this image on Dec. 9 and wrote, “We now have incredible night passes over Europe. City lights and stars make a beautiful show. Here is London & Paris.” On Nov. 6, 2013, Mastracchio launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan to the International Space Station along with Soyuz Commander Mikhail Tyurin of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Flight Engineer Koichi Wakata. Their mission ends March 12, 2014. This expedition will include research projects focusing on technology demonstration, cellular and plant biology, human health management for long duration space travel and maturing critical systems that currently support the space station. #nasa #iss #astronauts #spacestation #photography #earth #paris #europe #london #space;
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Seasonal Changes in Dark Marks on an Equatorial Martian Slope - These images from the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter show how the appearance of dark markings on Martian slope changes with the seasons. The marks, called recurrent slope linea, extend down slopes during warmer months and fade away during cooler months. This animation shows the same location at several times of year. The location is in a crater on the floor of Valles Marineris, near the Martian equator. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Univ. of Arizona #nasa #earth #mars #martian #weather #seasons #hirise #mro #nasamro #agu #agu13; -
Testing a prototype lander! The first free flight of a Morpheus prototype lander was conducted Tuesday at NASA Kennedy Space Center's Shuttle Landing Facility. The 54-second test began with the Morpheus lander launching from the ground over a flame trench and ascending approximately 50 feet, then hovering for about 15 seconds. The lander then flew forward and landed on its pad approximately 23 feet from the launch point. Project Morpheus integrates NASA's automated landing and hazard avoidance technology (ALHAT) with an engine that runs on liquid oxygen and methane, or "green" propellants, into a fully-operational lander that could deliver cargo to asteroids and other planetary surfaces. CREDIT: NASA #nasa #space #future #morpheus #lander #green #technology #fuel #asteroid #planets; -
There’s a storm a-brewing. This is the latest NASA GOES imagery of the winter storm moving up the Eastern Seaboard of the United States. GOES provides nearly continuous imaging and sounding, which allows forecasters to better measure changes in atmospheric temperature and moisture distributions, hence increasing the accuracy of their forecasts. GOES environmental information is used for a host of applications, including weather monitoring and prediction models. IMAGE CREDIT: NASA #nasa #space #weather #storm #goes #snow #winterstorm #winter; -
A Stellar Nursery - Illuminated by the light of nearby stars, the nebula M-78 exhibits a ghostly appearance in this 10-minute exposure taken with a 6" refractor at the Siding Spring Observatory in Australia. Located in the constellation of Orion -- some1,600 light years from Earth -- this reflection nebula is known to contain more than 40 very young stars still in the process of formation. Image Credit: NASA/MSFC/MEO/Bill Cooke #nasa #space #stars #earth #nebula #observatory #astronomy #stellar; -
This mosaic of images from the Mast Camera (Mastcam) instrument on NASA's Curiosity Mars rover shows a series of sedimentary deposits in the Glenelg area of Gale Crater, from a perspective in Yellowknife Bay looking toward west-northwest. Curiosity's science team has estimated that the "Cumberland" rock that the rover drilled for a sample of the Sheepbed mudstone deposit (at lower left in this scene) has been exposed at the surface for only about 80 million years. The estimate is based on amounts of certain gases that accumulate in a rock when it is close enough to the surface to be bombarded by cosmic rays. An explanation for that unexpectedly young exposure age comes from improved understanding of how the layers are eroding to expose underlying layers. The explanation proposes that the mudstone is being exposed by abrasion by windblown sand, indicated by arrows. The role for wind is strongly suggested by the undercutting of the Sheepbed layer below the Gillespie Lake sandstone. The pattern here suggests that the Yellowknife Bay outcrop is being exposed by wind-driven scarp retreat -- the sideways erosion of a vertical face. The image has been white-balanced to show what the rocks would look like if they were on Earth. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS #nasa #space #mars #agu #agu13 #marscuriosity #mastcam #solarsystem #planets;
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