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This new Hubble Space Telescope image shows the star HD 184738, also known as Campbell’s hydrogen star. It is surrounded by plumes of reddish gas — the fiery red and orange hues are caused by glowing gases, including hydrogen and nitrogen. HD 184738 is at the center of a small planetary nebula. The star itself is known as a [WC] star, a rare class resembling their much more massive counterparts — Wolf-Rayet stars. These stars are named after two French astronomers, Charles Wolf and Georges Rayet, who first identified them in the mid-nineteenth century. Wolf-Rayet stars are hot stars, perhaps 20 times more massive than the sun, that are rapidly blowing away material and losing mass. [WC] stars are rather different: they are low-mass sun-like stars at the end of their lives. While these stars have recently ejected much of their original mass, the hot stellar core is still losing mass at a high rate, creating a hot wind. It is these winds that cause them to resemble Wolf-Rayet stars.However, astronomers can look more closely at the composition of these winds to tell the stars apart; [WC] stars are identified by the carbon and oxygen in their winds. Some true Wolf-Rayet stars are rich in nitrogen instead, but this is very rare among their low-mass counterparts. HD 184738 is also very bright in the infrared part of the spectrum, and is surrounded by dust very similar to the material that the Earth formed from. The origin of this dust is uncertain. Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA #hubble #nasa #esa #space #astronomy #stars #star #sun; -
This summer's sea ice minimum in the Arctic is still the sixth lowest extent of the satellite record and is 432,000 square miles (1.12 million square kilometers) lower than the 1981-2010 average, roughly the size of Texas and California combined. The ice cap covering the Arctic Ocean shrinks and expands with the passing of the seasons, melting in the summer and refreezing during the long, frigid Arctic winter. This year, cooler weather in the spring and summer led to a late start of the melt season and overall less melt. This animation shows the daily Arctic sea ice extent and seasonal land cover change through Sept. 12, 2013, the day before NSIDC estimated that sea ice reached its minimum area of extent. The data was provided by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency from their AMSR2 instrument aboard the GCOM-W1 satellite. This year, Arctic temperatures were 1.8 to 4.5 degrees Fahrenheit (1 to 2.5 degrees Celsius) lower than average, according to NASA's Modern Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, a merging of observations and a modeled forecast. The colder temperatures were in part due to a series of summer cyclones. In August 2012, a big storm caused havoc on the Arctic Ocean’s icy cover, but this summer’s cyclones have had the opposite effect: under cloudier conditions, surface winds spread the ice over a larger area. Image Credit: NASA Goddard's Scientific Visualization Studio/Cindy Starr #seaice #arctic #polarcap #nasa #ice #earth #earthscience #viz #nasaviz; -
Enormous arms of hot gas have been discovered in the Coma cluster of galaxies by using NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory and ESA’s XMM-Newton. These features, which span at least half a million light years, provide insight into how the Coma cluster has grown through mergers of smaller groups and clusters of galaxies to become one of the largest structures in the universe held together by gravity. A new composite image, with Chandra data in pink and optical data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey appearing in white and blue, features these spectacular arms. In this image, the Chandra data have been processed so extra detail can be seen. The X-ray emission is from multimillion-degree gas and the optical data shows galaxies in the Coma Cluster, which contain only about one-sixth the mass in hot gas. Only the brightest X-ray emission is shown here, to emphasize the arms, but the hot gas is present over the entire field of view. Researchers think that these arms were most likely formed when smaller galaxy clusters had their gas stripped away by the head wind created by the motion of the cluster through the hot gas, in much the same way that the headwind created by a roller coaster blows the hats off riders. Credits: X-ray: NASA/CXC/MPE/J. Sanders et al; Optical: SDSS #chandra #xray #newton #xmm #nasa #esa #space #galaxy #galaxies #observatory #telescope; -
A full moon, known as a Harvest Moon, rises over Washington, DC, Thursday, Sept. 19, 2013. Photo Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls #nasa #moon #washington #dc #lunar #harvestmoon #capitol #photography; -
Ahoy, me space fans! In honor of ‘Talk Like a Pirate Day,’ here’s an image of the Caribbean taken by astronaut Tom Marshburn on Feb. 13 from International Space Station. Credit: NASA #nasa #space #iss #talklikeapirateday #spacestation;
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Aboard the International Space Station, NASA astronaut Karen Nyberg caught the reflection of Earth's horizon on the station’s solar arrays at sunset on Sept. 18. The space station is a convergence of science, technology and human innovation that demonstrates new technologies and makes research breakthroughs not possible on Earth. The space station has had continuous human occupation since November 2000. In that time it has been visited by more than 200 people and a variety of international and commercial spacecraft. The space station remains the springboard to NASA's next great leap in exploration, including future missions to an asteroid and Mars. Credit: NASA #nasa #space #iss #spacestation #astronauts #earth; -
Today's launch seen in false color Infrared: Orbital Sciences' Antares rocket, with the Cygnus cargo spacecraft aboard, is seen as it launches from Pad-0A of the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport, Wednesday, Sept. 18, 2013, NASA Wallops Flight Facility, Virginia. Cygnus is on its way to rendezvous with the space station. The spacecraft will deliver about 1,300 pounds (589 kilograms) of cargo, including food and clothing, to the Expedition 37 crew. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls) #nasa #space #launch#rocketlaunch #iss #orbitalsciences #cygnus #antares #infrared; -
Next stop, International Space Station! Orbital Sciences' Antares rocket, with the Cygnus cargo spacecraft aboard, is seen as it launches from Pad-0A of the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport, Wednesday, Sept. 18, 2013, NASA Wallops Flight Facility, Virginia. Cygnus is on its way to rendezvous with the space station. The spacecraft will deliver about 1,300 pounds (589 kilograms) of cargo, including food and clothing, to the Expedition 37 crew. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls) #nasa #space #launch#rocketlaunch #iss #orbitalsciences #cygnus; -
Orbital Sciences' Antares rocket, with the Cygnus cargo spacecraft aboard, is seen as it launches from Pad-0A of the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport, Wednesday, Sept. 18, 2013, NASA Wallops Flight Facility, Virginia. Cygnus is on its way to rendezvous with the space station. The spacecraft will deliver about 1,300 pounds (589 kilograms) of cargo, including food and clothing, to the Expedition 37 crew. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls) #nasa #space #launch #rocketlaunch #iss #orbitalsciences #cygnus #antares; -
It's launch day! Orbital Sciences' Antares rocket with its Cygnus cargo spacecraft is scheduled to lift off at 10:50 a.m. EDT. In this images, Antares is seen on the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport (MARS) Pad-0A at the NASA Wallops Flight Facility, Tuesday, Sept. 17, 2013 in Virginia. NASA's commercial space partner, Orbital Sciences Corporation, is targeting today for its demonstration cargo resupply mission to the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls) #nasa #space #launch #rocketlaunch #iss #orbitalsciences #cygnus;
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A United States flag is flown at half-staff just outside the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport Pad-0A with the Orbital Sciences Corporation Antares rocket, Tuesday, Sept. 17, 2013, NASA Wallops Flight Facility, Virginia. President Obama directed Monday that flags be lowered to half-staff to pay tribute to the victims of "the senseless acts of violence" perpetrated at the Washington Navy Yard. NASA's commercial space partner, Orbital Sciences Corporation, is targeting a Sept. 18 launch for its demonstration cargo resupply mission to the International Space Station between 10:50 and 11:05 a.m. EDT. The demonstration flight to the International Space Station will deliver about 1,300 pounds of cargo, including food and clothing, to the Expedition 37 crew. Image Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls #flag #usflag #rocketlaunch #rocket #nasa #antares #wallops #orbitalsciences #iss #space; -
Orbital Sciences' Antares rocket, with its Cygnus cargo spacecraft aboard, is seen during sunrise on the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport Pad-0A at the NASA Wallops Flight Facility, Tuesday, Sept. 17, 2013 in Virginia. NASA's commercial space partner, Orbital Sciences Corporation, is targeting a Sept. 18 launch for its demonstration cargo resupply mission to the International Space Station between 10:50 and 11:05 a.m. EDT. The demonstration flight to the International Space Station will deliver about 1,300 pounds of cargo, including food and clothing, to the Expedition 37 crew. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls) #antares #launch #rocketlaunch #orbitalsciences #iss #space #nasa #nofilter; -
Signs posted outside launch Pad-OA are seen as the Orbital Sciences Corporation Antares rocket, with its Cygnus cargo spacecraft aboard, is visible on the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport at the NASA Wallops Flight Facility, Monday, Sept. 16, 2013 in Virginia. NASA's commercial space partner, Orbital Sciences Corporation, is targeting a Sept. 18 launch for its demonstration cargo resupply mission to the International Space Station between 10:50 and 11:05 a.m. EDT. The demonstration flight to the International Space Station will deliver about 1,300 pounds of cargo, including food and clothing, to the Expedition 37 crew. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls) #antares #launch #rocketlaunch #orbitalsciences #iss #space #nasa; -
Tropical Storm Man-yi covered two-thirds of the big island of Japan when NASA's Terra satellite passed overhead and captured a visible image on Sept. 16 at 0140 UTC/Sept. 15 at 9:40 p.m. EDT. Man-yi took just a day to cross over Japan before exiting into the northwestern Pacific Ocean. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center forecast track on Sept. 16 takes Man-yi into the Sea of Okhotsk by Sept. 17. Man-yi strengthened to a typhoon just before making landfall. It dropped heavy rainfall totals, created flooding in Kyoto, damaged homes and killed two people, according to the Associated Press. The Shiga and Fukui Prefectures reported mudslides. When Man-yi made landfall, it had maximum sustained winds near 100 mph (162 kph). According to the Japanese Meteorological Agency, Man-yi was dropping as much as 3 inches/76 mm of rain per hour. Image Credit: NASA Goddard MODIS Rapid Response Team #nasa #space #hurricanes #earth #nasaterra #nasaaqua #typhoon #tropicalstorm #satellite #weather #planet #tropicalweather #storms; -
This image of the Earth shows us that we live on a dynamic, restless planet. On any given day, there is usually a cyclone, tropical depression, or extra-tropical storm brewing somewhere on the Earth. But for a brief moment this week, the skies over all of the oceans were relatively calm. This image is a composite of fourteen polar satellite passes, or swaths, stitched together from September 8, 2013. The natural-color images were acquired by the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) satellite. At the time of those near-midday passes, there were no hurricanes, cyclones, or tropical storms in the Atlantic, Pacific, or Indian Ocean basins—a relatively rare occurrence at the height of the hurricane/cyclone season in the northern hemisphere. There was plenty of cloud cover, of course, and smaller storm systems. In the eastern Pacific, remnants of tropical storm Lorena were breaking up near the Baja Peninsula. In the eastern Atlantic, the pieces of tropical depression #9 were starting to gather near the islands of Cape Verde; by the next day, tropical storm Humberto would form. Image credit: NASA/NOAA/Suomi NPP/VIIRS #earth #hurricanes #cyclones #viirs #npp #planet #weather #tropicalweather #storms;
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